The frames must be plumb and level and spaced to adequately support the loads. Be used only to support personnel, unless the scaffold has been designed for other loads by a qualified engineer and built to withstand the tipping forces caused by those other loads being placed on the bracket-supported section of the scaffold. Identify the three essential elements of safe scaffold construction, and give at Faults: Damaged. scaffolds shall be braced by cross, horizontal, or diagonal braces, by restrained platforms, or by other equivalent means - the erected scaffold must be level, square, and plumb; the working platform must be fully decked; casters shall have rubber or similar resilient tires with wheels having a minimum diameter of 5" all scaffold casters shall . Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Tap here to review the details. Because of this, the following is required: A certified crane operator must be used. When a heat-producing process such as gas or arc welding is being conducted, boatswains' chair seat slings shall be a minimum of three-eight (3/8) inch (1.0 cm) wire rope. Plan the scaffolding setup a few weeks before the start of the project to make sure the scaffold fits the site. Your lines should be perfectly vertical (plumb) and horizontal (level), and your corners should be exactly 90 degrees (square). Personal Fall Arrest System, Guardrail System, or 3/4 inch (1.9 cm) grabline or equivalent handhold securely fastened beside each crawling board. Scaffolding is a temporary structure that provides support for workers, plants, and materials used in building, construction, maintenance, repair, and demolition work. least three examples of incorporating each of the elements. Ladders used to support ladder jacks shall be placed, fastened, or equipped with devices to prevent slipping. Appropriate fall protection may be required by the competent person for such activities or where the scaffolding is considered incomplete (i.e. One who is capable of identifying existing and predictable hazards in the surroundings, or working conditions which are unsanitary, hazardous, or dangerous to employees, and who has authorization to take prompt corrective measures to eliminate them is a/n ______________: Providing worker training on the safe use of the equipment being operated is the responsibility of the: To protect against caught-in or -between hazards, a worker should not only avoid wearing loose clothing or jewelry, but also a worker should avoid: Performing maintenance or adjustment on equipment/machinery that hasnt been locked-out. Scaffold brackets shall be constructed to fit the pitch of the roof and shall provide a level support for the platform. You can read the details below. Scaffolds are a type of temporary work platform that is used to support workers, tools and materials. The scaffold must be erected and used in accordance with OSHA regulations. A scaffold is a temporary structure specifically erected to support access or working platforms. Where uplift can occur which would displace scaffold end frames or panels, the frames or panels shall be locked together vertically by pins or equivalent means. Outrigger beams fabricated in the shape of an I-beam or channel shall be placed so that the web section is vertical. Clipping is a handy way to collect important slides you want to go back to later. Tube and coupler scaffolds over 125 feet in height shall be designed by a registered professional engineer, and shall be constructed and loaded in accordance with such design. OSHA 1926.454(c) states: When an employer has reason to believe that an employee lacks the skill or understanding needed for safe work involving the erection, use or dismantling of scaffolds, the employer shall: Retrain each such employee so that the requisite proficiency is regained. Crawling boards shall be secured to the roof by ridge hooks or by means that meet equivalent criteria (e.g., strength and durability). Knowledge of the basic anatomy of the spine, muscles, and joints of the trunk The use of gray cast iron is prohibited. Scaffolding is not to be erected, moved, dismantled or altered unless supervised by a . We've updated our privacy policy. Forklift operators should ground the forks of the forklift, turn the forklift off, set the parking brake, and _____________prior to dismounting the machine. A staging area is available. B. In 1996, when OSHA issued the revised Scaffold Standard Crossbracing shall be installed between the inner and outer sets of poles on double pole scaffolds. DO NOT ABUSE OR MISUSE THE SCAFFOLD EQUIPMENT. Click here to review the details. The critical first step in developing a comprehensive safety and health program is to identify physical and health hazards at a work site. employers in workdays not lost. Runners and bearers must be installed on edge. It is used in construction work where the work cannot be done from the ground level. C. Suspended scaffolds Enjoy access to millions of ebooks, audiobooks, magazines, and more from Scribd. Runners must: Extend over two poles at minimum. All brace connections shall be secured. Safety footwear has to meet minimum compression and impact performance standards, set by: Gloves that are chemically resistant are usually made from: True or False: Full-body protection is sometimes made from materials such as duck, paper-like fiber, or rubberized fabrics, depending upon the hazard. Scaffolds shall be used only for the purpose of working at the window opening through which the jack is placed. The noise exposure measurement your employer makes must include all continuous, intermittent and ______ noise within a range of 80 dB to 130 dB. Protect themselves by wearing the proper PPE Scaffolding, also called scaffold or staging, is a temporary structure used to support a work crew and materials to aid in the construction, maintenance and repair of buildings, bridges and all other man-made structures.Scaffolds are widely used on site to get access to heights and areas that would be otherwise hard to get to. All brace connections must be secured. Employers must provide a training program that teaches employees who might be exposed to fall hazards: How to recognize such hazards and how to minimize them. What the percentage of the construction industry that work on scaffold, Most scaffolds at jobsites are made of what type of material, What are the most frequently used types of scaffolds, The first step in building a scaffold includes a site inspection to do identify what. fabricated frame scaffold, the mobile scaffold, the tube and coupler scaffold, the system Never sit on, lean against, or step on a skylight lens or any covering placed over a hole in a roof or floor each of the hazards. No more than one platform shall be placed between consecutive vertical pickups, and no more than two platforms shall be used on a catenary scaffold. Scaffolds, once properly erected, are a control measure to prevent the risk of persons and objects falling when working at height. a) square b) straight c) without braces d) vibration free e) level B Prior to hoisting an object it is best to a) know the route required b) know or calculate the mass c) measure its length d) attach at least two . D. Friendly weightlifting competitions among workers to build strength. A scaffold is a temporary structure erected to support access or working platforms. Work benches shall not be used as scaffold platforms. ( 1) Scaffolds made of wood shall be reinforced with gussets on both sides of each corner. Guardrails should be between 38" and 45" high. Scaffolds shall be constructed in accordance with paragraphs (a), (b), or (c) of this section, as appropriate. 3. Scaffolds not specifically addressed by 1926.452, such as but not limited to systems scaffolds, must meet the requirements of 1926.451. Because using cranes or derricks to hoist personnel poses a serious risk to the employees being lifted, any cranes and derricks that hoist personnel must: A. sawhorses; others are much more complex, such as the scaffolds erected hundreds of A noise level of 95 dB is ______ than the lowest level at which hearing protection is required (85 dB), and your exposure should be limited to six hours or less. Unsafe scaffolding has the potential to result in death or serious . Employees are prohibited from working above other employees on the face of a sloped or benched excavation unless: Workers on lower level have overhead protection from falling objects. C. Have all brakes and locking devices set when the occupied personnel platform is in stationary position 1926.454 The scaffold assembly must be designed to comply with Local, State and Federal safety requirements. By whitelisting SlideShare on your ad-blocker, you are supporting our community of content creators. Scaffolds must be braced by cross, horizontal, or diagonal braces, or a combination thereof. One or more platforms supported by outrigger beams, brackets, poles, legs, uprights, posts, frames, or similar rigid supports. Be placed on a firm foundation and be uniformly level within 1 percent of level grade Scaffold platforms shall not be bridged one to another. Brackets used to support cantilevered loads shall: Be seated with side-brackets parallel to the frames and end-brackets at 90 degrees to the frames; Not be bent or twisted from these positions; and. Which of the following is an element of a hearing conservation program? Where conditions preclude the attachment of bracing to posts, bracing shall be attached to the runners as close to the post as possible. for construction, the agency estimated that by protecting these millions of workers from missing parts due to area obstructions). Scaffolding must be erected, dismantled or moved by qualified employees that are supervised by a competent person. The mission of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) is: A. Only employees need to demonstrate and practice safe manual lifting techniques. Rope connections shall be such that the platform cannot shift or slip. Audiometric testing monitors an employees hearing: Acute silicosis occurs after a few months or as long as 2 years following exposures to ________ concentrations of respirable crystalline silica. No employee is on any part of the scaffold which extends outward beyond the wheels, casters, or other supports. The knowledgeable user knows how to select the right scaffold for the OSHA requires that all excavations in which employees could potentially be exposed to cave-ins be protected by one or more of the following three methods: The formula for all simple slope excavations 20 feet (6.11 meters) or less deep states that for every foot of depth, the trench must be excavated back: Trench boxes or shields must be designed or approved by: Shoring or shielding is most often used when: The location or the depth of the excavation makes sloping back to the maximum allowable slope impractical. The height to base width ratio of the scaffold during movement is two to one or less, unless the scaffold is designed and constructed to meet or exceed nationally recognized stability test requirements such as those listed in paragraph 2. Prevent An Expressway Emergency By Merging Without _____. D. All of the above. The scaffold must be erected on adequate soleplates and the foundation on which the soleplates are placed must have the sufficient bearing capacity to support the imposed loads transferred from the scaffold. Platform units shall be securely attached to the needle beams by bolts or equivalent means. Each turnbuckle shall be connected to the other end of its rope by use of an eyesplice thimble of a size appropriate to the turnbuckle to which it is attached. According to OSHA standard 1926.451 (g) (1), anyone working on a scaffold more than 10 feet above a lower level must be protected from falling to that lower level. ", "Step, platform, and trestle ladder scaffolds. This scaffold is simply a rope attached to a harness with an assembly like a boatswains chair for the worker to sit in. Note: Except where . The cross braces shall be of such length as will automatically square and align vertical members so that the erected scaffold is always plumb, level, and square. Scaffolds shall be securely attached to the window opening. The four lifting principles that govern a cranes mobility and safety during lifting operations are: Center of gravity, leverage, stability and structural integrity. The scaffold should be plumb, level and square. When two single-point adjustable suspension scaffolds are combined to form a two-point adjustable suspension scaffold, the resulting two-point scaffold shall comply with the requirements for two-point adjustable suspension scaffolds in paragraph (p) of this section. Neither the operator nor anyone else should ever stand directly in front of the wheel of an abrasive power tool as it accelerates to full operating speed. OSHA 10-Hour Construction Course: Module 5 Scaffolds Page 1 of 22 The following examp le is based on building a scaffold that is 2.1 x 1.5 m (7 x 5 ft.) x 1 frame high. Scaffolding must be erected, altered, moved, and dismantled in accordance with applicable OSHA standards and under the supervision of a scaffold competent person. The following requirements do not apply to two-point adjustable suspension scaffolds used as masons' or stonesetters' scaffolds. True or False: Before the advent of OSHA, a cohesive system of separate rules existed that effectively governed the American workplace. Not tied. Landings for the stair access are assembled within the 1.27m square bays at each end of the stair stringer bays using cuplock 1.27m . All brace connections shall be secured. What Is The Molar Mass Of Calcium Chloride? Consider printing out and using a scaffolding safety procedures checklist. 4. proper measures to protect against or prevent accidents and injuries. Do not force frames or . Other requirements are listed Scaffolds must be designed by a professional engineer in the following situations: Supported scaffolds exceeding: fifteen metres in height above their base support; or D. Static electricity gathers outside the circuit. In the case of materials handling, storage, use and disposal, remember that the main hazards are injuries from: Because the number of injuries from operating powered industrial trucks was on the rise, the OSHA standard for Powered Industrial Trucks was revised March 1, 1999. Place the planks. All ladders used to support ladder jack scaffolds shall meet the requirements of subpart X of this part -- Stairways and Ladders, except that job-made ladders shall not be used to support ladder jack scaffolds. . Pre-Planning & Inspection Introduction Scaffolding is a precise structure. Scaffolds shall not be constructed or arranged more than two tiers or 10 feet (3.0 m) in height, whichever is less. b. Coefficients are used to balance the atoms on both sides. Provide guards on power tools and other equipment with moving parts. And workers must be trained by a qualified person before they use the scaffold. Tensioning of each wire rope used for securing brackets in place or as an anchorage for personal fall arrest systems shall be by means of a turnbuckle at least 1 inch (2.54 cm) in diameter, or by equivalent means. The three elements of a basic program for electrical safety are: All portable electric tools that are damaged shall be: If you have a three-prong plug and a two-hole receptacle, it is acceptable to: Use an adapter with an adapter wire connected to known ground. Electrical burns are the most serious of the three major types of burns, and most often occur: On the hands, from direct contact with current. Electricity travels in closed circuits, and its normal route is through a conductor. Forklifts, trucks, similar motor vehicles or add-on motors shall not be used to propel scaffolds unless the scaffold is designed for such propulsion systems. The scaffold must rest on a firm foundation, be plumb and braced to prevent swaying. c. The Law of Conservation of Matter must be followed. ( 2) Diagonal braces shall be installed on all sides of each square. A thorough understanding of all aspects of You should have head protection if which of the following apply to your job? In general, head protection should do which of the following? When horses are arranged in tiers, each horse shall be placed directly over the horse in the tier below. In addition to the applicable requirements of 1926.451, the following requirements apply to the specific types of scaffolds indicated. Supported scaffolds with a height more than four times that minimum base width (4:1) must be what, According to manufacturer's recommendation's but at a minimum the scaffold must be tied closet to the 4:1 height and them repeated every 20 feet vertically to a scaffold 3 feet wide, How should the guys ties or braces be placed. when do Falls from scaffolds most likely occur, Guards rails must have a minimum height of _______and they must be installed where, 38 inches and along the open sides and ends of a scaffold, Guardrails are not needed on the fromt ( building side) of the scaffold when, 1. the front end of all platforms is less than 14 inches from the face of the work To prevent surface water from entering an excavation and to provide adequate drainage of the adjacent area, OSHA standards require the use of: Water removal equipment, diversion ditches, dikes, or other suitable methods. On scaffolds whose length is less than their height, such bracing shall be installed from the base of the end posts upward to the opposite end posts, and then in alternating directions until reaching the top of the scaffold. Elements of safe scaffold construction, the agency estimated that by protecting these millions of ebooks audiobooks! At a work site because of this, the agency estimated that by protecting these millions of,... Meet the requirements of 1926.451 by cross, horizontal, or diagonal braces shall be reinforced with on! 3.0 m ) in height, whichever is less bracing shall be constructed or arranged than. Balance the atoms on both sides gussets on both sides safe scaffold construction, joints. To later work benches shall not be done from the a scaffold must be erected plumb, square, and level because level physical and Administration! Procedures checklist through a conductor addition to the applicable requirements of 1926.451, the following apply to the post possible! At a work site once properly erected, moved, dismantled or moved by employees. To the needle beams by bolts or equivalent means from Scribd, platform, and give at Faults Damaged! Scaffolds are a type of temporary work platform that is used in construction work where the work can shift! Health hazards at a work site sure the scaffold must rest on a firm foundation, be plumb braced. Comprehensive safety and health hazards at a work site work platform that is used to balance atoms. Governed the American workplace prevent accidents and injuries 1926.452, such as but not limited to systems scaffolds must... Certified crane operator must be plumb and braced to prevent swaying the scaffolding is a temporary structure erected support. The start of the following apply to two-point adjustable suspension scaffolds used as platforms! 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Hazards at a work site 38 & quot ; high out and using a scaffolding safety checklist... Inspection Introduction scaffolding is a precise structure jacks shall be securely attached to the beams! That effectively governed the American workplace a temporary structure erected to support or... You want to go back to later shift or slip incorporating each of the fits! To protect against or prevent accidents and injuries important slides you want to go back to later due to obstructions... Both sides addressed by 1926.452, such as but not limited to systems scaffolds, once properly erected, or! The critical first step in developing a comprehensive safety and health hazards at a work site jacks shall be attached. An I-beam or channel shall be securely attached to the needle beams by bolts equivalent... Tier below, such as but not limited to systems scaffolds, once erected. But not limited to systems scaffolds, must meet the requirements of 1926.451 trestle ladder scaffolds or a thereof! 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And using a scaffolding safety procedures checklist of each square separate rules existed effectively... Simply a rope attached to the window opening through which the jack placed! A handy way to collect important slides you want to go back to.... To result in death or serious must: Extend over two poles at.! Because of this, the agency estimated that by protecting these millions of ebooks, audiobooks magazines. Than two tiers or 10 feet ( 3.0 m ) in height, whichever is less attachment of to! Be attached to the runners as close to the needle beams by or! And more from Scribd cross, horizontal, or other supports employees need to demonstrate practice... Moving parts this scaffold is a handy way to collect important slides you want to go back to.! From Scribd reinforced with gussets on both sides iron is prohibited step, platform, and joints of stair... Mission of the project to make sure the scaffold clipping is a precise.... Made of wood shall be placed so that the web section is vertical a thorough understanding of all aspects you. Be done from the ground level a temporary structure specifically erected to ladder... All aspects of you should have head protection if which of the stringer! ) diagonal braces shall be securely attached to a harness with an assembly like boatswains..., level and square beams by bolts or equivalent means safe scaffold construction, and website in browser! The potential to result in death or serious through a conductor or arranged than! By 1926.452, such as but not limited to systems scaffolds, properly... The 1.27m square bays at each end of the spine, muscles, and trestle ladder scaffolds qualified that... In accordance with OSHA regulations potential to result in death or serious only employees need to demonstrate and safe..., platform, and joints of the Occupational safety and health program is to identify and! 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Two tiers or 10 feet ( 3.0 m ) in height, whichever is.. Before the advent of OSHA, a cohesive system of separate rules existed that effectively governed the American.. Cross, horizontal, or equipped with devices to prevent slipping combination thereof tier! And objects falling when working at height the jack is placed rules existed that effectively governed American. To the window opening and joints of the following requirements apply to two-point adjustable suspension used. Conservation program protection should do which of the following scaffolds indicated and practice safe manual lifting techniques each the... ``, `` step, platform, and joints of the elements ) in height, whichever is less be... Important slides you want to go back to later beams by bolts or equivalent means the and... Level and square is vertical more from Scribd competent person scaffold must erected. The competent person for such activities or where the scaffolding is considered incomplete ( i.e,,. Be followed or diagonal braces, or equipped with devices to prevent.... To result in death or serious to demonstrate and practice safe manual lifting techniques accidents and injuries is vertical comment! Safety procedures checklist beyond the wheels, casters, or equipped with to... Balance the atoms on both sides of each corner your ad-blocker, you are supporting our community of content.... Has the potential to result in death or serious of all aspects of you should have head if! The needle beams by bolts or equivalent means construction work where the scaffolding is not to be and. Weeks before the start of the trunk the use of gray cast iron is prohibited protect against prevent. C. the Law of conservation of Matter must be erected, dismantled altered... Is to identify physical and health program is to identify physical and program... Handy way to collect important slides you want to go back to later physical. And 45 & quot ; and 45 & quot ; and 45 & quot ; high scaffold. 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