Trevino was a 22-year-old native of Mexico also living in Los Angeles. I don't know what to think. Alternate titles: F. Mohammed Ali, Wallace Fard Muhammad, Walli Farrad. Evanzz detailed the experience of several other authors who also based their accounts of Fard's life on the FBI file. He drew on various sources, including Noble Drew Ali's Moorish Science Temple of America, black nationalist trends like Garveyism, and black-oriented forms of Freemasonry. He lived in Los Angeles with a woman named Hazel Ford. One faction, the Moors, remains faithful to Noble Drew Ali, and the other, which is now led by Elijah Muhammad, remains faithful to Prophet Fard (Master Wallace Fard Muhammad). All Rights Reserved. In 1934 he disappeared without a trace. A son born to Allen during their marriage, Donald Campagna, is believed to be the result of an extramarital affair. This is the story that stuck. If in this way they obeyed Allah, he would take them back to the Paradise from which they had been stolen the Holy City of Mecca. Legends soon sprang up about this mysterious personality. He had met Muhammad in prison where the two men plotted a confidence game in which followers were charged a fee to become Muslims. The photo of Fard looks highly retouched, or whatever people did to photo before Photoshop, so whether it's the same person as in the mugshot is really hard to tell. Obviously, there are some major differences of opinion here. In 1934 he disappeared without a trace. When nothing further was heard from him, some rumored that he had been killed by police. ", so I don't know. "[45] After the story was published, Elijah Muhammad and Malcolm X subsequently charged black media outlets, which reprinted the accusation in large numbers, with running the story without requesting a response from the Nation of Islam. There is No God but ALLAH. [68][bettersourceneeded]. Two days later, Elijah Muhammads son, Wallace Muhammad, was named leader of the NOI, and quickly distanced himself from certain aspects of his fathers teachings most notably those denouncing whites as devils. Contemporary American Religion. A relatively short leadership struggle ended with Elijah Muhammad assuming control of the NOI. Encyclopedia.com. WebParking is abundant-plenty of room for an RV, toys, and multiple vehicles. He was described as of medium height and build with brown eyes and black hair. Fard as being Allah (God) and claims that Fard is the source of all of his teachings, it is suggested that an exhaustive effort be made to fully identify and locate W. D. Fard and/or members of his family. [17] He came to the homes of black families who had recently migrated to Detroit from the rural South. He wrote two books for the movement, The Secret Ritual of the Nation of Islam, which is transmitted orally to members; and Teaching for the Lost-Found Nation of Islam in a Mathematical Way, which is written in symbolic language and requires special interpretation. He provided no known place of birth for his parents nor his date of immigration. So they sent a Messenger to them of their own. 1 is the location setting for several scenes in the book. After Wallace had renamed the group the World Community of Al-Islam (one of many name changes to follow), Farrakhan was able to reconstitute the NOI under his own auspices in 1979. He founded the religious movement in Detroit, Michigan, U.S., in 1930, and was its leader until 1934, his disappearance. Omissions? The Rise of the Black Internationale", "When Japan Was "Champion of the Darker Races": Satokata Takahashi and the Flowering of Black Messianic Nationalism", "The Voodoo Cult among Negro migrants in Detroit", Historical Analysis of FBI's COINTELPRO AND W. Fard Muhammad, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wallace_Fard_Muhammad&oldid=1141937668, Members of the Moorish Science Temple of America, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from December 2021, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2021, Articles lacking reliable references from May 2022, Articles with disputed statements from July 2019, Articles with trivia sections from June 2020, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, The name Fard is a common surname in Pakistan as are other names he bestowed upon his followers such as Shabazz, Ghulam, and Kallatt, Interviews with long-time Nation figures who met him or saw original photos of him such as, Early teachings from Fard indicated a distrust and disdain for Hinduism, This page was last edited on 27 February 2023, at 17:20. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. What would he have thought of it? Two bedrooms, full bathroom, luxury linens, free washer and dryer and beautiful views. Garvey taught the Negroes that their homeland was Ethiopia. [19], In the early stage of his ministry, Fard "used the Bible as his textbook, since it was the only religious book with which the majority of his hearers were familiar. Elijah Muhammad, who took the position of leader of the Nation of Islam after Fard's disappearance, railed agaist the media claims that Ford was Fard. Encyclopedia.com gives you the ability to cite reference entries and articles according to common styles from the Modern Language Association (MLA), The Chicago Manual of Style, and the American Psychological Association (APA). More about myself I will not tell you yet, for the time has not yet come. The Caucasians are the colored people, since they have lost their original color. The FBI is keeping close tabs on them and, realizing they have nothing on its founder, open an investigation into the man known as Wallace Fard Muhammad, considered by the Nation of Islam's followers to be an actual incarnation of God. The Nation of Islam list Muhammads birthday as February 26, 1877, celebrated as a holiday called Saviours Day. "Interaction Between 'Indigenous' and 'Immigrant' Muslims in the United States: Some Positive Trends." He also gave his fathers birthplace as Argentina and his mothers birthplace as Oregon. Subscribe now to get the latest news delivered right to your inbox. Fard: Unveiling the Identity of the Founder of the Nation of Islam by Dr. John Andrew Morrow investigates theories of Fard's origin. Fard, W. D. (c. 1877-1934), Religious and Political Leader On his 1917 draft card, under the name "Wallie Dodd Fard", he listed his place of birth as "Shinka" in Afghanistan. The culprits vary depending on who's talking. Fard and his teachings are also referenced in many hip-hop songs. [56] In his 1962 book Black Nationalism: The Search for an Identity, Essien-Udom wrote: "Noble Drew Ali was shot and stabbed in his offices at the Unity Club in Chicago on the night of March 15, 1929 He was eventually released on bond, but a few weeks later, he died under mysterious circumstances. The entire movement was placed under a Minister of Islam. In his 1965 book Message to the Blackman in America, which is a compilation of articles written by Elijah Muhammad for newspapers throughout the early part of his Ministry, he summarized what Fard taught him as follows: "He began teaching us the knowledge of ourselves, of God and the devil, of the measurement of the earth, of other planets, and of the civilization of some of the planets other than earth. Ugh, I've been going back and forth for the past ten minutes trying to decide if I think the pictures in link 1 and link 2 are of the same person. Master Fard's mysterious disappearance in 1934 led to an internal struggle for the leadership of the Nation of Islam among several contending factions. Reddit and its partners use cookies and similar technologies to provide you with a better experience. He was ultimately forced to leave Detroit because of an allegation that he encouraged one of his followers to engage in a ritual of human sacrifice. 2 was given by our Prophet, W.D. "Fard, W. D. (c. 1877-1934), Religious and Political Leader "[25], Fard wrote several lessons which are read and committed to memory by members of the Nation of Islam. The Noble Drew Ali, the prophet of the Moorish-Americans, proclaimed that these people were 'descendants of Morrocans [Moroccans]'. [20] Fard prepared texts that served as authoritative manuals of the faith and were memorized verbatim by his followers. The FBI officially claims this: Fard got into hot water when in May 1933, one of his followers performed a ritual murder as a sacrifice to God. He appeared in Detroit in 1930 and had an obscure background and used several aliases. Fard obliged and was last seen by Elijah Muhammad boarding a flight leaving Detroit airport. Farrakhan, a high-ranking member of NOI at the time of Elijah Muhammads death, became disillusioned with the new direction and quit the NOI in 1978. Thus ended the FBI investigation into Fard's early life. His ears, mouth, eye brows etc his face looks like a younger Ford imo. [36][bettersourceneeded], A declassified Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) memorandum dated May 16, 1957, states: "From a review of instant file it does not appear that there has been a concerted effort to locate and fully identify W. D. Fard. Evanzz reported that Wallace D. Fard died in Chicago in 1971 at the age of 78. Some blame the police, the FBI, or rival leaders within the NOI. I have no idea who Fard was but I doubt he was black, which is ironic. "[26] Wallace Fard Muhammad loved the black people of the United States of America. Attendances to his sermons rapidly grow over the next three years and then suddenly, without announcing his departure, he disappears, never to be seen or heard from again. Create an account to follow your favorite communities and start taking part in conversations. Did Marco Polo ever reach China? Also, in many ways, the Nation of Islams depiction of him as God could only work and be credible to potential members if his origins remained obscure and his disappearance permanent.. I remember researching the noi's history and finding out about what you have written. Accordingly, he gave his followers Arabic names to replace those that had originated in slavery. [4], Fard was arrested again on January 20, 1926, for violation of the California Woolwine Possession Act,[39] and on February 15, 1926, for violation of the State Poison Act, for which he was sentenced to six months to six years at San Quentin State Prison on June 12, 1926. This article is about the founder of the Nation of Islam. He founded the religious movement in Detroit, Michigan, U.S., in 1930, and was its leader until 1934, his disappearance. What seems most remarkable is that Fard seems to have utterly disappeared from the governments (especially the FBIs) radar after leaving Detroit in 1933. The NOI teaches that Wallace Fard Muhammad was an avatar of Allah, who came to America to educate on this forgotten history. Wallace Fard Muhammad was the founder of the Nation of Islam. 5 (54) April 15, 2022. On the 1920 U.S. Census, Ford gave his race as White, his birthplace as New Zealand, and his age as 26. He gave the exact birth of the white race; the name of their God who made them and how; and the end of their time, the judgment, how it will begin and end. ", Beynon refers to some of the lessons by Fard as an "oral tradition" that was recorded at the University of Islam as the "Secret Ritual of the Nation of Islam." Of course, his relative obscurity in the annals of history has much to do with his brief time in the public eye and the numerous aliases he assumed over the course of his life. One of the few survivors who heard his first addresses states that he himself said: 'My name is W. D. Fard and I came from the Holy City of Mecca. They also have a similar receding hairline that poofs out along the side. Her judgment could not take place until we hear the truth. Members of the movement believe Fard to be the incarnation of Allh, and his birthday, February 26, is observed as Saviours Day. The original people must regain their religion, which is Islam, their language, which is Arabic, and their culture, which is astronomy and higher mathematics, especially calculus. Master Fard's identity, origins, appearance, and disappearance remain mysterious and controversial. At some point, he established a rudimentary church and read from the Bible, drawing in a mainly black Christian audience. To this day, nobody knows. He earned his living at various times as a restaurateur, gambler, bootlegger and traveling salesman. The FBI opened an investigation into Fard in 1957 and closed it a year later in 1958. To Mr. Fard alone do they offer prayer and sacrifice. "In an attempt to determine the origins of W.D. [47] The paper published the story in an article titled "Black Muslim Founder Exposed As White. The true origins of W. D. Fard remain mired in obscurity. On the draft card, "Ford" is written in parentheses in a different hand. Hazel claimed he briefly returned to LA and lived with her before returning to New Zealand, from where she says he came. Some people probably think Elijah Muhammad did it himself, since he was pretty much the only person to have any kind of real relationship with Fard. Following his disappearance, Elijah Muhammad succeeded him as the chief of the Nation of Islam. Chameleon: The True Story of W.D. This would suggest he was, in fact, diabetic. Fard appeared as a peddler "from the East," selling silks and other sundries and dispensing advice about health and spiritual development to his customers. I did some digging and found an article in November 24, 1932 edition of the Escanaba Daily Press on the murder committed by Robert Harris. He told his followers that they were not Americans and therefore owed no allegiance to the American flag and could refuse to serve in its military. In contrast to Fards story, Karl Evanzz, noted NOI authority and author of The Messenger: The Rise and Fall of Elijah Muhammad, has argued that Fard was born Wali Dodd Fard in New Zealand in 1893. J. Edgar Hoover would not have dropped something of this magnitude in a year's time. Therefore, its best to use Encyclopedia.com citations as a starting point before checking the style against your school or publications requirements and the most-recent information available at these sites: http://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/tools_citationguide.html. Fard, a man who the FBI alleged used 58 aliases during his lifetime, visited Detroit. Four years later, in 1963, they issued another story to a Los Angeles-based newspaper that claimed Ford and Fard were, in fact, the same person. Fard referred to himself as a black man, despite his obviously light skin. Although I'm inclined to believe the official story that he simply fled the country after coming under heat from the police. How did the founder of a group that recruited men like Malcolm X and Muhammed Ali slip under the radar so easily? See, The years 1891 and 1893 have both been cited by sources relying upon FBI records primarily. Were Ford and Fard truly the same person? It seems that there is room for even more study into the origins of the Nation of Islam this always fascinating, sometimes controversial, organization that has exerted considerable influence on Americas thoughts and dialogue for more than 70 years. He arrived in Detroits Paradise Valley on July 4, 1930, in order to achieve this goal. Maybe he was deported after that hearing. [16] From those interviews, Beynon wrote that Fard lived and taught in Detroit from 1930 to 1934. Contemporary American Religion. Following his disappearance, Elijah Muhammad succeeded him as the chief of the Nation of Islam. Because each style has its own formatting nuances that evolve over time and not all information is available for every reference entry or article, Encyclopedia.com cannot guarantee each citation it generates. -, Press J to jump to the feed. [50], Karl Evanzz, in his book The Messenger, postulates that Fard was the son of a Pakistani Muslim, then known as East Indians. Personally I don't know enough about the context to form an opinion on whether he was murdered, but it wouldn't shock me if he was. rcel.type = 'text/javascript'; He could've at least sent a letter! [43] According to San Quentin records, Wallie D. Ford was born in Portland, Oregon, on February 25, 1891, the white son of Zared and Beatrice Ford, who were both born in Hawaii. Within the Cite this article tool, pick a style to see how all available information looks when formatted according to that style. 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