Normally, the official gazette will specify the extent and scope of the emergency powers. Problems in Nigeria and Solutions: Nigeria is Africas most populated country and the worlds sixth most populous country. However, good governance is a function of effective, visionary, transparent, trustworthy, and credible political leadership whose driving force is an improvement in the collective wellbeing of the citizens through well-conceived, effectively implemented economic policies and human development programs. Another issue in Nigerian schools nowadays is political meddling; politics is the most powerful factor in the Nigerian educational system. Evidently, there has been a decline in foreign direct investment in Nigeria. FILE - A woman carries a placard as she shouts a slogan during a "Walk Against Rape" march in Lagos, Nigeria, Oct. 5, 2011. In spirit and practice, when a State of Emergency is declared, civil liberties are often at risk. There. They impose restrictions on peoples rights and freedoms. Even if they have suspended operations for the time being, their actions have drastically reduced crude oil output in the country. It is the bane of our society. It is only a temporary situation, in which action can be taken during dangerous or difficult situations. In many cases, security personnel assigned to deal with given security situations lack the expertise and equipment to handle the situations in a way to prevents them from occurring. March 30, 2022. Abstract. When the Governor duly proclaims the existence of conditions of disaster or of extreme peril to the safety of persons and property within the state caused by fire, flood, storm, epidemic, technological failure or accident, riot, drought, sudden and severe energy shortage, plant or animal infestation or disease, earthquake, explosion, terrorism, Some areas have increased risk. K= 7 ppt/slides/_rels/slide6.xml.rels Threats likely to cause a declaration of the state of emergency include armed action against the state (such as a coup d'etat), financial crisis, epidemics, natural disasters, or external attacks. ppt/slides/_rels/slide15.xml.rels It is theorized by many that fighting corruption and winning the war will bring about an egalitarian society, where fairness, social justice, and equal right for all will reign supreme; where rights will not be privileges for some people, and for others, privileges are their rights: where every Nigerian will be treated and accorded position not based on tribe and sect, but on merit defined in terms of the content of his character, mental capacity and ability to deliver; where there will be no discrimination. According to the UN's Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA), 244,000 children are suffering from acute malnutrition in Borno state and on average 134 die every day from this. In addition, some firms have shifted their operations to other countries like Ghana which is deemed to be more peaceful. Various people poured encomiums on him for his wonderful deeds, impacts, and influence when he was alive. Hmmmmmm true talk, may the Lord restore our country and guides our leaders to lead us well. In the constitutional history of Nigeria, declarations of a state of emergency have always been premised on public order, safety and security concerns. This situation has the damaging consequence of giving a signal to the international community that Nigeria is not a safe and secure place and as such not suitable for investment and business activities. Insecurity affects the general human security of the people as the situation promotes fear, while at the same time limiting the peoples ability to work effectively. From general observation, most business organizations operating in Nigeria maintain security personnel as well as security infrastructure in order to ensure the security of their properties and the lives of their staff and customers. 4 Anambra State - Awka. Blog - The Kano State Ministry of Health has announced the launch of the Kano State Action Plan for Health Security (KSAPHS), a comprehensive plan aimed at preventing, detecting, and responding to . All these variables of crimes and social maladies have made the Nigerian security environment to be complex. The governors of Nigeria's 36 states have resolved to declare a state of emergency on rape following a spate of sexual violence against women, according to the Nigerian Governor's Forum (NGF). 0]&AD 8>\`\fx_?W ^a-+Mwj3zCa"C\W0#]dQ^)6=2De4b.eTD*}LqAHmc0|xp.8g.,),Zm> PK ! Nigerias multi-ethnic character has many advantages as well as disadvantages ethnicity issues in Nigeria. 7. In order to ameliorate the incidence of crime, the federal government has embarked on the criminalization of terrorism bypassing the Anti-Terrorism Act in 2011, fundamental surveillance as well as investigation of criminal related offenses, heightening of physical security measures around the country aimed at deterring or disrupting potential attacks, strengthening of security agencies through the provision of security facilities and the development and broadcast of security tips in mass media. Naturally, when it comes to ethnicity, Nigerians are extremely sensitive, with tempers frequently flaring and occasionally resorting to violence. Failure of successive administrations in Nigeria to address challenges of poverty, unemployment, and inequitable distribution of wealth among ethnic nationalities is one of the major causes of insecurity in the country. This might result in delays in production, decrease in product quality, increase labor costs, etc. With the lingering security challenges and the inability of the security apparatus of the government to guarantee safety and security in the country, the question that borders everyone in Nigeria today is can there be security? Is the security of lives and properties achievable? Aluta pointed out that it is necessary to distinguish between different causes as each may require a different remedy. Lack of IGR: many state's internal generated revenue can barely sustain salary payment. 1 President Jonathan declared a State of Emergency in Adamawa, Borno and Yobe. Copyright 20102023, The Conversation Media Group Ltd, Committee Member - MNF Research Advisory Committee, PhD Scholarship - Uncle Isaac Brown Indigenous Scholarship, Associate Lecturer, Creative Writing and Literature. The Socio-Economic Development-This factor is strongly considered as the major key to peace and security in Nigeria. We must strive to get to a level where crimes will be nipped in the bud before they are perpetuated. (Trading Economics 2018). Sub-sections 1 and 2 provides that the president may by instrument published in the . We must all take a stance to expose corruption and tell the truth about issues that affect our environment. The activities of the avengers were responsible for the epileptic power supply in the country as well as the inability of state governors to pay workers salaries due to the low revenue generated in the oil sector as a result of the attack on pipelines. 6 Bayelsa State - Yenagoa. Factors hindering the development of Nigeria. In all parts of Nigeria, there exist ethnoreligious conflicts and these according to him, have emerged as a result of new and particularistic forms of political consciousness and identity often structured around ethnoreligious identities. Even if you dont live in Nigeria, youve probably heard of Boko Harams kidnappings of hundreds of children, predominantly girls, from schools and communities in northern Nigeria in 2014. Nigeria must address its infrastructure challenges by providing adequate financing and clamping down on the misappropriation of public monies intended for infrastructure. Nigeria once Africas largest economy continues its downward trend due to coronavirus issues, Banditry, Endsars, and other security vices. In their pursuit, they have damaged oil pipelines and abducted oil employees. This is the case in Nigeria quite often. Nigeria is one of the countries in the world with very high rural/urban drift. Conducive environment: some states lacks police infrastructures such as college, clinic and adequate resources to sustain the desired policing. Under emergency rule, the government enjoys wide powers which infringe on human rights and fundamental freedoms. They were too preoccupied with reading textbooks to understand how to apply what they had learned. Everyones main priority is not to deal with such type of maintenance. This is a rooted general perception of inequality and unfairness which has resulted in a grievance by a large number of people. This generated heated debate about the legitimacy of declaring a state of emergency. In addition, Nigeria has consistently ranked low in the Global Peace Index (GPI, 2012), signifying a worsened state of insecurity in the country. It was the first time the inflation rate has risen since it began to fall in January 2017, when it hit a 12-year high of 18.7%. The security challenges in Anambra State over the past weeks do not in any way qualify for the proclamation of a state of emergency. A good example is the Biafran civil war which began in 6 July 1967 - 15 January 1970 (over 2 years). Inconsistent economic policies: In Nigeria, every Government comes into office in with their own economic policies which often differ from the policies of the previous administration, hence the previous policies suffer fatally from poor implementation because before it is fully implemented to produce maximum result in our economy, the tenure of the initiator will elapse, and the policies will not be implemented further by the proceeding administration, so therefore resulting in a situation of an ever changing and poorly implemented economic policies which does no good to the growth of our economy. The Movement for the Emancipation of the Niger Delta is a good example (MEND). The argument here is that Nigeria has the resources to provide for the needs of its people, but corruption in public offices at all levels has made it impossible for officeholders to focus on the provision of basic needs for the people Nigerian situation as a Paradox of Plenty. K= 7 ppt/slides/_rels/slide4.xml.rels The government is responsible for this discourse, which must be conducted in order to keep the country secure. K= 7 ! 0]&AD 8>\`\fx_?W ^a-+Mwj3zCa"C\W0#]dQ^)6=2De4b.eTD*}LqAHmc0|xp.8g.,),Zm> PK ! Every kid has the right to an education in a safe and healthy setting. Pervasive Material Inequalities and Unfairness Greater awareness of disparities in life is a major root cause of insecurity in Nigeria. Unemployment/Poverty -As a result of the high level of unemployment and poverty among Nigerians, especially the youths, they are adversely attracted to violent crime. EM also helps one to immediately identify major cause of failure and then restore asset or equipment to its normal working condition. 0]&AD 8>\`\fx_?W ^a-+Mwj3zCa"C\W0#]dQ^)6=2De4b.eTD*}LqAHmc0|xp.8g.,),Zm> PK ! The "petroleum-rich" Nigerian state, confronted by sociopolitical instability, high degree of corruption, mass hostility to the "public," and poor macroeconomic management, continue to display the attributes of a state in crisis (Akinola, 2008).Successive governments in Nigeria, like in many African states, lack the political will to initiate or sustain policy or structural . 13. Many of these assailants are disgruntled and jobless teenagers. , 8 [Content_Types].xml ( n0'"Nn"RCpmXy$ Nigeria has a population of around 180 million people. Rural/Urban Drift The migration of jobless youths from rural areas to urban centers is also one of the causes of insecurity in Nigeria. Insecurity everywhere is a risk factor that business owners and managers dread and wish to avoid by relocating their businesses elsewhere. This perception stems from the perception of marginalization by a section of the people, government development policies, and political offices and this has become a primary source of disaffection and resentment. One of the general principles is that any decision about an emergency must be done in good faith. The underlying principle of good governance is the focus on people as the ultimate objective of governance. . This emanates from the cost of taking precautions and payment for private security services. The Nigeria-South Africa Chamber of commerce webinar for January 2021 was held on 28th January 2021. Our law enforcement agencies must therefore be incorruptible and fair. 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