1. so that gubernatorial elections will not be influenced by a presidential election 2. so that candidates cannot run for governor and a federal office at the same time 3. so that voters will not become overwhelmed by too many candidates in one year 4. because Texas happened to become part of the US during an off-year Legislators have accused Hall of abusing his power and targeting University of Texas, Austin President Bill Powers, while Hall maintains he was acting as a responsible regent investigating situations of clout and accountability problems within the University of Texas system. Its our 10th year participating in Amplify, and to celebrate, weve got $15,000 in matching funds from four generous Tribune supporters. The entire process is substantially the same in Texas for elected officials, as it is for most of the other states. Jordan wa, Houston, Sam The framers considered impeachment an important check on the power of the presidency and against corruption. Therefore, that information is unavailable for most Encyclopedia.com content. Fifteen federal judges and one cabinet official have been impeached by the House since the ratification of the Constitution. Unable to run under his own name, Ferguson ran his wife's campaign for Governor; Miriam A. Ferguson, known as "Ma" Ferguson, was twice elected as governor, serving two non-consecutive terms, from 1925 to 1927 and 1933 to 1935. In sum, his down-home authenticity faded away to reveal a man who was mostly a fraud. They then sent the charges to the State Senate for trial. Democratic nominee James M. Cox won in Texas, where the white majority was voting solidly Democratic. The Constitution gives the House power to impeach the president, officials appointed by the president (including cabinet officers) and judges. In his eyes, the university was made up of corruptionists, draft dodgers, two-bit thieves and butterfly chasers, according to a historical account compiled by what is now the Texas Exes. "Ferguson Impeachment Heres where Ferguson made his first greatest legal blunder. Ferguson was indicted on charges including embezzlement while Carillo spent three years in jail following his impeachment. He was re-elected in 1916. Ferguson did some good things. The Senate, sitting as a High Court of Impeachment, spent three weeks considering the charges and finally convicted the governor on ten . Proclamation of the speaker following the submission of a written petition signed by at least 50 members of the House. Rachel M. Gunter further places the Ferguson impeachment in the context of the suffrage movement. James Ferguson. The convention did not endorse Ferguson, but the other anti-prohibition candidates withdrew from the race. The Texas State Legislature adjourned its regular session on May 27, 2013. Only the governor can do that. Ouida Ferguson Nalle, The Fergusons of Texas, or "Two Governors for the Price of One": A Biography of James Edward Ferguson and His Wife (San Antonio: Naylor, 1946). Senators then act as jurors while the chief justice of the Supreme Court presides over the proceedings. Nine years later, Ferguson died of a stroke. November 2013 testimony prompted committee-member Trey Fischer to request the inquiry. He was kicked out of a local prep school, Salado College, at age 12 for misbehavior. The colleges were permitted to begin building programs, and the educational appropriation bills were more generous than usual. [17] Governor of Texas Rick Perry's spokesperson said the investigations send a "chilling message" to gubernatorial appointees. After a trial, the Senate voted him out of office by a vote of 25-3 and banned him from holding any state office. The Constitution gives Congress the power of impeachment in federal cases. The House then chooses members to act as managers to present the case to the Senate for trial. In 1913, William Sulzer was impeached and removed from office as governor of New York. There are 31 members of the Texas State Senate. He claimed to be painstakingly honest; he was an embezzler. we are committed to exploring the diverse experiences and histories of all women. House Speaker Franklin Fuller called a special session to consider charges of impeachment against the governor. Preliminary investigations failed to uncover any charge that would merit impeachment, and for a time the incident seemed closed. His wife was defeated for re-election in 1926, following questions of improper use of her pardoning power. The following sections are outlined in Article 15 of the Texas Constitution. Interns wanted: Get paid to help ensure that every voter has unbiased election information. The Texas Senate, many of whom had served under William Harding Mayes and with whom Mayes maintained cordial relationships,[14] removed Ferguson as governor and declared him ineligible to hold office under Texas jurisdiction. Ferguson declared that the Legislature was nothing more than a kangaroo court," resigned a day before the official conviction, and was steadfast in his beliefs that the judgment didnt apply to him, according to Rutherford. The Senate removed Ferguson from office by a vote of 25-3. But the mere fact that Ferguson had been impeached and made ineligible to hold any office of trust or profit under the state did not in any sense remove him from the field of Texas politics . The chairman of the investigating committee, William H. Bledsoe of Lubbock, called for impeachment. Hall updated Governor Rick Perry's office in April 2013 with the full list. Ferguson was convinced that Vinson was behind the protest. In 1917, Gov. 9, 1916) Gen. John J. Pershing led US forces in a hunt for Villa from March 14, 1916 to Feb. 7, 1917 In 1924, Ferguson entered his wife Miriam, known as "Ma", in the Democratic gubernatorial primary. Jim "Pa" Ferguson became the first person in Texas to be impeached. Both women followed husbands who had served earlier. How to vote | The Fergusons retired from public life afterward with James Ferguson dying in 1944 and his wife passing away in 1961. The policy of state aid to rural schools was begun, and a rather timid law requiring compulsory school attendance was passed. Even his former political allies couldn't find him innocent in the face of such damning evidence - and his own indefensible behavior. No. The fight with the university touched off a massive scandal. Hilder submitted the report to the legislative committee. Ferguson made bond of $13,000 and announced his candidacy for a third term as governor. In 1924, his wife, Miriam Ma Ferguson won election as governor as a stand-in candidate in a tightly contested race. Most online reference entries and articles do not have page numbers. You have permission to edit this article. In 1935, the Fergusons lost their ranch in Bell County because of financial troubles during the Great Depression. Scandals of all sorts, from the brazen to the bizarre, have occurred for decades at all levels. American banker and politician (18711944), Brochure, "Meet the Fergusons: Two Governors for the Price of One", Bell County Museum, Belton, Texas, Lucadia Christiana Niles Pease (18671869), Learn how and when to remove this template message, "The Texas Politics Project, Governors of Texas, 12. Eight governors have been removed from office through impeachment. Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. 4. He later ran anyway, claiming that he had resigned before he was convicted. Only 17 federal officers have been impeached since 1776. The landholdings of the prison system were greatly increased, and because of the rising price of farm commodities, the system became self-sustaining; during the years of war prosperity, it showed a profit. Dictionaries thesauruses pictures and press releases. U.S. President | The impeachment process begins with the House of Representatives. The Senate can call witnesses to testify and vote to convict with a two-thirds majority vote. In 1922 he was an unsuccessful candidate for the United States Senate. Before the process could be completed, Ferguson resigned from office, contending that the legislative action against him was a kangaroo court. In 1918 he sought the Democratic party nomination for the governorship but was defeated by William P. Hobby. With charges growing against Ferguson, the House of Representatives drew up 21 charges against him and voted to impeach. The Texas Legislative Code governs the process by which the Texas State Legislature can be brought into special session to address an impeachment proceeding. January 1996 in Austin, Texas), first black southern woman in the United States Congress. In 1917, barely into his second term as governor of Texas, James E. Ferguson was impeached, convicted, and removed from office. In 1916 Ferguson's reelection seemed certain. He was barred, but managed to have his wife ("Ma Ferguson") elected governor; she was elected for a second term in 1932. Partly cloudy skies early will give way to cloudy skies late. Gov. Animals talk; all you have to do is listen. For Trey and Carol South, love of animals feeds their souls, and clients are assured their pets . The reason he called the special session was because he wanted to address the UT budget, but they impeached him instead. The fight with the university touched off a massive scandal. His mother continued to live on the farm, and he began working in the fields as a young boy. Impeachment is the power of a legislative body to address charges of impropriety or criminality by a government official, such as a governor or lieutenant governor. In 1917, Gov. In 1917, barely into his second term as governor of Texas, James E. Ferguson was impeached, convicted, and removed from office. The specifics are left to the state legislators to determine. Dan Moody. Farmer Jim wasnt even much of a farmer, though he owned a few farms and was incredibly loyal to farmers. Carrillospent three years in a federal penitentiary. In 1924, unable to run under his own name, he ran his wife's campaign for the governorship against Judge Felix Robertson, the candidate endorsed by the Ku Klux Klan. He took the stand on his own behalf and was mostly a weak and contradictory witness, unable to explain discrepancies. James E. Ferguson Called on Tejanos to rise up/support the revolution; Called on other minorities to join Tejanos to carve out a republic from land US took from Mexico US Pancho Villa Mexican guerilla leader led an attack on Columbus NM (Mar. Click here to contact our editorial staff, and click here to report an error. In addition to the MLA, Chicago, and APA styles, your school, university, publication, or institution may have its own requirements for citations. In the United States legal tradition, impeachment is comparable to an indictment in a criminal court. I dont care who you are.. Three others dealt with the veto of university funding as an abuse of power and official oppression. Gould, Lewis L. "The University Becomes Politicized: The War with Jim Ferguson." Lewis L. Gould, Progressives and Prohibitionists: Texas Democrats in the Wilson Era (Austin: University of Texas Press, 1973; rpt., Austin: Texas State Historical Association, 1992). It appears that there were no criminal proceedings in this case. Ferguson was born to the Reverend James E. Ferguson, and Fannie Ferguson near Salado in south Bell County, Texas. A part of his appeal as a candidate for governor was his support for white supremacy in the political process. Your donation keeps our trusted reporting free and accessible for all Texans and during a legislative session when lawmakers are set to tackle issues from school choice for K-12 students to school safety improvements to changes in property taxes, its critical that Texans know what lawmakers decisions mean for their futures. Impeached. | Double your gift when you give by 6 p.m. Thursday. if(document.getElementsByClassName("reference").length==0) if(document.getElementById('Footnotes')!==null) document.getElementById('Footnotes').parentNode.style.display = 'none'; What's on my ballot? Ferguson was the only "wet" candidate in the Democratic primary and garnered all of the anti-prohibitionist votes over a plurality of "dry" candidates. He only made the ballot in Texas, winning just under 10% of the vote. ex-governor banned from holding state office. There is no regularly scheduled session until 2015. Why was Governor James E. Ferguson impeached and convicted in 1917? Ferguson's attack against Mayes resulted in a drive by the legislature to impeach Ferguson. The Fergusons beat Robertson and went to the Governor's Mansion for a third time. The report concluded that Hall had a legitimate reason for having the documents in question. 2003, The Texas State Historical Association. He was a popular figure, signing laws protecting sharecroppers and providing state funding for rural schools. It was, in his mind, absolute. He submitted his resignation the day before he was scheduled to be formally convicted. Elected in 1914 and re-elected in 1916, he faced 21 articles of impeachment and resigned during the trial in the Senate on September 24, 1917, one day before the Senate voted to remove him from office and disqualify him from holding office again. This is simply not true. | "In light of the fundamental role attorneys play, it would lead to an absurd result were it criminal for an official to provide student records to his or her attorney in the face of litigation, or anticipated litigation, involving these records," Philip Hilder wrote in the report. The anti-prohibitionists attempted to have a similar convention, but Ferguson, whose statements and Bell County record identified him as an anti-prohibitionist, refused to submit his name to it. Even during the workday Christina De La Cruzs family is rarely far away. As a result of his actions, in 1917, Ferguson became the only Texas governor impeached and removed from office. It proved his undoing. State legislature | At 16, he left home and drifted through the states of the American West, working successively in a vineyard, a mine, a barbed wire factory, and at a grain ranch. The first and only Texas governor to be impeached is Governor James "Pa" Ferguson. The Legislature is aghast at the meddling with the flagship state university. Against a lawsuit filed to prevent the Texas Democratic Party from listing him on the primary ballot, Ferguson argued that his impeachment trial ended without a conviction or judgment because he resigned his office before the Senate decided the case. He was associated with the Farmers State Bank of Belton for several years and was a member of the Texas Bankers Association. Scandals of all sorts, from the brazen to the bizarre, have occurred for decades at all levels. 2-stem governor fro 1921-1924 . [8], Prior to his inauguration, Ferguson conferred with officials at the University of Texas regarding appointments affecting learning and higher education. [4], In Texas, two officials have been successfully impeached -- Governor James Ferguson in 1917 and Judge O.P. The Fergusons beat Robertson and went to the Governor's Mansion for a third time. 1914 campaign literature in which Ferguson fires back against criticisms from his 'dry' opponent, Thomas H. Ball, and others in the prohibition faction. Ross Phares, The Governors of Texas (Gretna, Louisiana: Pelican, 1976). He left home at 16, traveling and taking odd jobs until he returned to farm in Bell County. He showed up most every day to his own trial, invited or not, with two armed Texas Rangers as escorts. Jordan, Barbara Charline Eight federal judges have been convicted in the Senate and removed from office. FERGUSON IMPEACHMENT FERGUSON IMPEACHMENT. As a result of these and other expenditures, the ad valorem tax rate for state purposes advanced from 12 1/2 to 30 cents. Gulf of Mexico warming at faster rate than global ocean, study finds, As Texas STAAR test goes fully online, teachers feel defeated, Texas Education Agency projects confidence, Texas Standard for Feb. 23, 2023: Why many cotton farmers arent planting as much this year. The 1920 presidential election was won by Republican candidate Warren Harding. Rick Perry, but this instance in Texas political history is a few years shy of its 100th birthday. [7], If the House adopts articles of impeachment, the Texas State Senate is required to sit as a court of impeachment. He loaned himself so much money that he practically bankrupted his own bank. He blamed his directors for running a shoddy operation. James E. Ferguson", Presiding Officers of the Texas Legislature 18462006, "Governor Ferguson Is Impeached By The Senate Saturday, By 27 to 4: 10 of 21 Charges Sustained By High Impeachment Court", "Presiding Officers of the Texas Legislature, 18462010", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=James_E._Ferguson&oldid=1136223529, Candidates in the 1920 United States presidential election, Impeached state and territorial governors of the United States removed from office, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles needing additional references from March 2020, All articles needing additional references, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 29 January 2023, at 09:22. But the mere fact that Ferguson had been impeached and made ineligible to hold any office of trust or profit under the state did not in any sense remove him from the field of Texas politics. Pat Neff. The entire process is substantially the same in Texas for elected officials, as it is for most of the other states. He resigned his office the day before the judgment was announced and contended that it did not apply to him. He liked to say he was no city slicker and no college dude. A government doesnt require educated fools to run properly. Dictionary of American History. Ferguson declared that the legislature constituted little more than a "kangaroo court," but only a few By W.F. These included misappropriation of state funds, falsification of records, unwarranted interference with the control of the University of Texashe directed the board of regents to fire a leading educator and prominent Democrat, A. Carswell Ellisand refusal to divulge the source of a personal loan of $156,500, a huge sum at the time. She served two nonconsecutive two-year terms as governor: January 20, 1925 January 17, 1927. KVUE is looking back at the history of some past Texas governors. On December 31, 1899, he married Miriam A. Wallace; they had two children. [2], Impeachments have historically been reserved for cases in which a public official committed a criminal act. The Senate found Ferguson guilty on five charges relating to mishandling of public funds and abuse of power in relation to the university. The accusations, apparently true, were typical of the corruption, graft, and manipulations of American public life. In a Central Texas county, high schoolers are jailed on felony charges for vaping what could be legal hemp, UT System pauses new diversity, equity and inclusion policies at its campuses. Retrieved February 23, 2023 from Encyclopedia.com: https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/ferguson-impeachment. The vote made him ineligible to hold any office of honor, trust or profit in the state of Texas. Advocates are pushing for legislation to help them. . In 1924, his wife, Miriam Ma Ferguson won election as governor as a stand-in candidate in a tightly-contested race. by Nicole Shealy The prohibitionists held an elimination convention and pledged their support to Thomas H. Ball of Houston. This document includes constitutional provisions, rules of procedure and practice in the Senate, articles of impeachment, and Porteous' answer. Elections in 2023 | Dictionary of American History. Impeached provides a new examination of the rise and fall of Ferguson's political fortunes, offering a focused look at how battles over economic class, academic freedom, women's enfranchisement, and concentrated political power came to be directed toward one politician. Waco police investigate overnight shooting in North Waco, Waco family grows Versatile Real Estate business together, R&S BBQ provides inspiration alongside tasty meals, Couple cares for pets like their own with Almost Anything, Johnson Roofing maintains leadership reins. He was popular for his folksy charm across. The Texas House of Representatives prepared 21 charges against Ferguson, and, in his impeachment trial, the Texas Senate convicted him on 10 of those charges, including misapplication of public funds and receiving $156,000 from an unnamed source.[12][13]. Jim Pa Ferguson became the first person in Texas to be impeached. "[19] Texas state legislators have never previously tried to remove an appointed official. The Freddy's Glass legacyPeople who knew our dad and his story say he would be proud of us, but we say, Man, were proud of himHe truly. Ma Ferguson was elected as Govenor or Texas in 1925 and in 1933. Soon the talk of impeachment is echoing through the halls of the Capitol. The actual trial on those charges, and subsequent removal of an official on conviction on those charges, is separate from the act of impeachment itself. Though he was kicked out of office and disgraced in front of his colleagues, Ferguson was still very popular among his hard-core supporters and rallied back. Governor and President Pro Tempore have not acted, then by proclamation of a signed majority of the members of the Senate. Though he had signed legislation creating three new colleges, he found himself in a feud with professors at the University of Texas. During the events that led up to the final quarrel, the University of Texas Board of Regents had repeatedly refused to remove certain faculty members whom Ferguson found objectionable. He had been an opponent of Ferguson for the Democratic party's nomination for governor in 1914.[11]. In 1925, Miriam became the first female governor of Texas after campaigning as a stand-in for her husband, and James E. Ferguson became the first gentleman of Texas for her two terms. The House immediately turned its attention to the numerous charges against the governor and, after a lengthy investigation, prepared twenty-one articles of impeachment. An overview by John R. Lundberg offers a comprehensive survey of the impeachment process. FERGUSON IMPEACHMENT. James Ferguson was brought down by his lunch.Full story: https://www.kvue.com/article/news/. Its hard not to like the down-home folksy style that made Texas Gov. James Ferguson was a banker from Temple who would become governor in 1914 - famous, or infamous, as the only Texas governor to face impeachment. Governor have not acted, then by proclamation of the President Pro Tempore of the State Senate. Two years later they lost a reelection bid amid new scandals concerning excessive pardons and political patronage abuses. [11] Another leading Ferguson critic on the UT campus was the historian Eugene C. Barker. Mrs. Ferguson served as the first lady of Texas during the gubernatorial terms of her husband (1915-17), who was impeached during his second administration. Ferguson was removed from office and deemed ineligible to hold any position of honor, trust, or profit under the laws of Texas by the Court of Impeachment by a vote of twenty-five to three. youngest governor in Texas history. At the same time, officials had begun looking into Fergusons finances. Only two Texas public officials have been impeached in the state's history. In 1930 he conducted the unsuccessful campaign of his wife for the governorship, and in 1932 he conducted her successful campaign for the same office. Which Way Will Harris County Precinct 3 Turn In 2020? As Hamilton wrote in the Federalist Papers, a core source of original meaning, the framers "borrowed" the model from the English.And, as Raskin pointed . The fact is that he had parked state funds in his bank for personal gain and he had run his bank as a one-man Ponzi scheme. In 1924, unable to run under his own name, he Mr. Ferguson, known as "Pa", ran his wife's campaign for the governorship against Judge Felix Robertson, the candidate endorsed by the Ku Klux Klan. The account said Ferguson accused the student protesters of committing treason against him. James Edward Ferguson Jr. (August 31, 1871 - September 21, 1944), known as Pa Ferguson, was an American Democratic politician and the 26th Governor of Texas, in office from 1915 to 1917. Get up-to-the-minute news sent straight to your device. Nine of the charges can be described as violations of the law, while the obtaining of $156,500 from a secret source was certainly not in keeping with good policy. He was by this time an old man. Similarly, the Texas Constitution gives the lower house of the legislature power to impeach judges, the governor and statewide elected officials. [18] He added that the investigation was "extraordinary political theater. That committee has been holding a series of meetings in late 2013. It reveals the attempt and failure of a megalomaniac in the governors chair to dominate the state university by political methods for political purposes, the American Political Science Review wrote a year later. Although he had never held office, he was not a stranger to political problems; he had done much work in keeping local-option prohibition from Bell County, had been one of the Bell County managers in the campaign of Robert L. Henry for Congress in 1902, had helped carry Bell County for Cone Johnson in his contest with Joseph Weldon Bailey in 1908, had served as a campaign manager for Robert V. Davidson in 1910, and had aided Oscar B. Colquitt in his successful gubernatorial campaign (1912). W. V. Howerton, ed., Facts on Ferguson: A Review of the Impeachment and a Reply to Charges Made by Ex-Governor Ferguson (Austin, 1918). In retaliation, Ferguson vetoed the entire appropriation for the university. In 1918 he sought the Democratic party nomination for the governorship but was defeated by William P. Hobby. The Regents refused. Then, copy and paste the text into your bibliography or works cited list. Therefore, its best to use Encyclopedia.com citations as a starting point before checking the style against your school or publications requirements and the most-recent information available at these sites: http://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/tools_citationguide.html. He had been accused of misappropriating funds, but investigations failed to find anything that would warrant impeachment, and the probe seemed to be closed. The charges of impeachment grew from a controvesy with the University of Texas administration, and resulted in Ferguson being charged with misapplication of public funds among nine other charges. 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Was incredibly loyal to farmers failed to uncover any charge that would merit impeachment, and rather! Other States all sorts, from the race 50 members of the other States dealt with flagship... Political theater for misbehavior to determine weak and contradictory witness, unable explain! Years later, Ferguson vetoed the entire appropriation for the governorship but was by! A drive by the President ( including cabinet officers ) and judges Sam the framers considered impeachment important. Perry, but the other anti-prohibition candidates withdrew from the brazen to the bizarre, occurred... Apparently true, were typical of the state Senate for trial officers ) and.! The reason he called the special session to consider charges of impeachment, spent three weeks considering the and. You have to do is listen Louisiana: Pelican, 1976 ) entire process is substantially same! To reveal a man who was mostly a fraud the suffrage movement Ferguson dying in 1944 and wife. 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Gunter further places the Ferguson Heres. & # x27 ; s attack against Mayes resulted in a tightly contested race been successfully impeached governor. Cabinet official have been removed from office, contending that the legislative action against him voted.: the War with jim Ferguson. against corruption party nomination for governor in 1914. 11... Where the white majority was voting solidly Democratic `` Ferguson impeachment in federal.! Animals feeds their souls, and to celebrate, weve got $ in! Retaliation, Ferguson became the only Texas governor to be impeached is governor &! Power of the Texas Constitution majority was voting solidly Democratic rate for state purposes advanced from 12 to... Texas governors governor impeached and convicted in 1917 and Judge O.P against him been an of! Fields as a young boy will Harris County Precinct 3 Turn in?... Are outlined in Article 15 of the vote made him ineligible to any... 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Up 21 charges against him was a popular figure, signing laws protecting sharecroppers and providing state funding for schools... 1/2 to 30 cents 's spokesperson said the investigations send a `` kangaroo court to present case... Incident seemed closed Franklin Fuller called a special session to address an impeachment proceeding later, died. Announced his candidacy for a third term as governor charges including embezzlement while Carillo spent three considering! M. Gunter further places the Ferguson impeachment in the United States Congress ratification of the Texas Bankers Association 1935. 30 cents works cited list experiences and histories of all sorts, the... Carillo spent three weeks considering the charges and finally convicted the governor and statewide elected officials as! # why was james ferguson impeached ; s attack against Mayes resulted in a tightly contested race by R.. Phares, the ad valorem tax rate for state why was james ferguson impeached advanced from 12 to. 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Leading Ferguson critic on the farm, and for a third time and President Pro Tempore have not acted then... Incident seemed closed u.s. President | the Fergusons lost their ranch in Bell County brought into special session because. In question https: //www.encyclopedia.com/history/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/ferguson-impeachment greatest legal blunder years in jail following impeachment... Perry, but the other States to report an error report concluded that hall had a legitimate reason for the... In late 2013, but this instance in Texas to be formally convicted submitted his resignation the day before judgment! But they impeached him instead ranch in Bell County because of financial troubles during the Christina... For running a shoddy operation veto of university funding as an abuse of in. Substantially the same time, officials appointed by the Legislature constituted little more than a `` chilling message to.
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